Machiavellian Rulers Are Focused on War in Machiavelli’s...

Machiavelli’s â€Å"The Prince† brought up some controversial characteristics on what a Machiavellian ruler is. The characteristic that was most stressed was that â€Å"A prince must have no other objective, no other thought, nor take up any profession but that of war.†(Machiavelli 37). With a main focus on the art of war a ruler can protect the state he governs from attacks against him and his state. Machiavelli offers us an analogy to prove the importance of war. He speaks of two men: one armed and one unarmed. He tells us how it would be unrealistic to believe that the armed man would obey the unarmed man. It would also be unreasonable to expect that the unarmed man would feel safe and secure if is servant held a weapon that could cause death.†¦show more content†¦An additional, trait is to be cunning and forceful. As Machiavelli said, â€Å"he ought of beasts to choose both the lion and the fox; the lion cannot guard himself from the toils, nor the fox from the wolves. He must therefore be a fox to discern toils, and a lion to drive off wolves† (Machiavelli 46) this quote means that the prince must be cunning, sneaky and sly like a fox but must also be able to defend himself and his people like a lion. One of the other qualities is keeping faith in people at a minimum. A prince should ask for advice to show that he is open to suggestion, but he should not use it unless it is what he was going to do anyway. This is because if the prince does not make decisions for himself than a revolt will be able to happen easier. Some other qualities include; wisdom, familiarity with the land he rules over, vigilance, and good fortune. Machiavelli created an image of a prince that is complex and exigent to be like due to its numerous characteristics that he needs to possess The reason this prince is difficult to obtain is because it is an intricate balance of everything, but with the high standards comes a great prince. My point of vie w on if it is successful or not. My point of view on if his description and advice is successful is that it is very successful. If a prince were to hold every characteristic that a Machiavellian ruler is defined by then the country would run smoothly and the princeShow MoreRelatedSocrates And Machiavelli s Views On Politics1464 Words   |  6 PagesSocrates and Machiavelli both lived during times of war and political transition. While both philosophers present a then-radical ideology to reform their state, they differed greatly on how to achieve that end: Socrates practiced idealism, while Machiavelli advocated for realism. Their differences of their beliefs are rooted in a conflicting perception of morality. Socrates believes morality is based on an individual’s attainment of goodness and truth, while Machiavelli concerns himself with a leader’sRead MoreConnections Between Hitler And The Prince1307 Words   |  6 Pagesand The Prince Hitler said, â€Å"Germany will either be a world power or will not be at all† (â€Å"Adolf Hitler Quote†). Adolph Hitler became the leader of the German Nazi party in 1933. His leadership was both loved and despised. He controlled the Nazi party for more than a decade (â€Å"Adolph Hitler†). Considering the length of Hitler’s reign, he must have had leadership qualities that people found admirable or they feared him so greatly that no one would attempt to overthrow him. In Machiavelli’s The PrinceRead More Machiavellian Folly in The Prince Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesMachiavellian Folly in The Prince      Ã‚  Ã‚   In the annals of history, many individuals have contributed great works of literature, waxing philosophically on the meaning of life, death, and love.  Ã‚   Niccolo Machiavelli wrote not on love or life, but on power:   How to capture it, how to consolidate it, and how to defend it against all comers.   His work has been talked about and dissected to the extent that his subject matter and methods have earned their own moniker:   Machiavellian.   Nonetheless,Read MoreMachiavelli’s The Prince: Examples of Machiavellian Leaders Essay2048 Words   |  9 PagesArguably, the most Machiavellian leader to ever exist would be Joseph Stalin. He abided by three major Machiavellian methods that were stated in the Prince: the ends justifies the means, crush any opposition, and displaying a false character. Stalin had a plan for Russia and did everything in his power to achieve that plan. He wanted to transform Russia into a industrial superpower, a military superpo wer, and a political superpower. To achieve his goals he committed many horrible crimes againstRead MoreEssay about Machiavellis Reputation in the Modern World2985 Words   |  12 PagesMachiavellis Reputation in the Modern World Niccolà ² Machiavelli was known during much his life as a part of the republican government in Florence until 1512. At that time, the Medici family took over the city and ruled under a more monarchical system. From that point until his death in 1527, Machiavelli was always just on the outside of Florentine politics. He would occasionally get work from the Medici but his tasks were never as important as they had been under the republican governmentRead MoreMachiavelli And Socrates Similarities1437 Words   |  6 Pagessame values or view their environment in the same way. This is the case with two philosophers, Socrates and Machiavelli, who both lived during times of internal political strife. Greece was divided into numerous city states that were constantly at war with one another and hundreds of years later, Italy would also experience this political fragmentation and violence. Despite having these identical environments, Socrates and Machiavelli adopted two very distinctive and contrasting perspectives. SocratesRead More George Bush as a Machiavellian Leader Essay1428 Words   |  6 PagesGeorge Bush as a Machiavellian Leader George Bush and Niccolo Machiavelli are two very influential political figures that share some similar ideals. Machiavellis work was never intended to be applied to republics, or a democratic government. The advice written in The Prince would have likely been applied in the time of absolute government, when countries were ruled by one leader. It is a work which, as Machiavelli himself says that his philosophy is only applied to principalities, or whatRead More Separating Political Conduct and Personal Morality in Niccolà ² Machiavellis, The Prince2131 Words   |  9 PagesSeparating Political Conduct and Personal Morality in Niccolà ² Machiavellis, The Prince Niccolà ² Machiavelli wrote, in his novel The Prince, that strong central political leadership was more important than anything else, including religion and moral behavior. Machiavelli, writing during a period of dramatic change known as the Italian Renaissance, displayed attitudes towards many issues, mostly political, which supported his belief that strong government was the most important element in societyRead MoreComparing Cardinal Richelieus Practice of Ruler Ship to Niccà ²lo Machiavellis Ideas About the Effective Exercise of Power2015 Words   |  9 Pagestheir respective works: The Prince by Machiavelli and The Political Testament of Cardinal Richelieu by Richelieu himself. By rejecting conventional morals, disregarding haughty ideals, and promoting ruthless tactics, The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli and The Political Testament became fundamental works in understanding realpolitik.# Letat - cest moi,# spoken by French king Louis XIV is an embodiment of Cardinal Richelieus practice of ruler ship, as well as Machiavellis theory on the necessity ofRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince Essay1981 Words   |  8 Pagesnation as well as being tasked with their welfare. Niccolà ² Machiavelli’s The Prince is meant to be a manual for how to handles issues of state and reputation. The handbook is comprehensive and detailed, and Machiavelli’s concept of virtà ¹ is an interesting one. Virtue and morality aren’t necessarily the same as virtà ¹, since Machiavelli conveys those concepts are not always the best for a leader to have. There are plenty of times in The Prince that virtà ¹ and morality clash. Leaders of nations are still

The Reform Movement Of Rural Canada During The Nineteenth...

The search for reform in rural Canada during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries reveals a deep connection between educational movements and social reform. The readings for the first three weeks of this course have provided an overview of how social reformers during this period were keen to promote an â€Å"urban and modern orientation† to direct social reform movements in rural Canada. Often, this perspective came into conflict with the needs of the rural society at the time. Therefore, the widespread discontent within the rural society was illustrated through the various efforts of social reform in Canada during the 1860s-1960s. The first set of readings of this course outline the ways in which the hopes of the social reformers were to promote reform based on an â€Å"urban and modern orientation† through movements in agriculture, social welfare, and education. In doing so, the social reformers encouraged three kinds of developments: i) the promotion of an â€Å"urban orientation† through the reform of â€Å"agricultural education,† ii) the promotion reform through social legislation, and finally iii) the promotion of reform in rural education to â€Å"progressive systems of education.† Although the reformers saw the promotion of progressivism as a solution to the various problems within the rural society, the widespread discontent from the rural society depicted the ways in which the needs of the urbanites and the rural society came into conflict. I will explore the ways in which theShow MoreRelatedPrince Edward Islands’ history is a crucial aspect in Canada’s past. The work of historians has3000 Words   |  12 Pageshistory is difficult to classify before its entrance into Canada, due to its isolated geography and heavy British influence. 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Mortgage Fees in Australia

Question: Discuss about theMortgage Fees in Australia. Answer: An investigation was carried out to establish factors that affected the ongoing, originating fees and mortgages total fees in Australia. It was found out that, although the originating fees required was lower, mortgage corporations charge lower ongoing and total fees as compared to banks. It was also found out that fee echelons are dependent on the value loan ratio, the size of the loan and features of the loans like the presence of an offset account and loan term. The investigation further confirmed that lenders charged higher fee levels with lower interest rates or lower fee levels with higher interest rates. The investigation finally showed that Australia's market conditions have an effect on the mortgage fees. Introduction Housing property is one of the biggest domiciliary assets in most developed countries. This makes mortgages become the biggest household debt as people acquire housing property through borrowings. Such a situation creates a linkage between the housing and the capital markets, as evidently compelled by the Global Financial Crisis and the recent U.S subprime crisis. Therefore, mortgage finance plays a vital role in the economy and the capital market as well. In Australia, some unsettled mortgages amounted to about 1.2 trillion Australian dollars as of December 2011. Research done on the Australian fees for mortgages is very sporadic. Thus, authors got motivated to conduct an empirical study on this matter, testing the different factors affecting the several types of mortgage fees; origination fee, total fees together with the ongoing fees payable for service. The origination fees together with the ongoing service fee are usually paid as extra mortgage fees by borrowers. A survey shows that Australian lenders charge the highest fees when comparing the mortgage fees paid across Canada, New Zealand, the United States, Australia and the United Kingdom (Commission, 2008). This is also shown in a document written by the Securities and Investment Commission of Australia (2008, p.2). This paper, therefore, talks largely on the mortgage fees tendencies in Australia by looking at the various pertinent literatures that relates to the thinkable factors that have an impact on mortgage fees. The paper also discusses the methodology used by researches to obtain the data needed to support findings and conclusions on what drives mortgage fees in Australia. In this section, the data is described and variables used in regression representations defined. The findings are then established and discussed, and final conclusions made regarding what has been found out. Literature Review Factors such as the type of lenders, criteria used in lending, the latent sell out between mortgage fees and interest rates, conditions of the market, competition in the market and features of the loans are considered and looked upon. Type of lenders is categorized as either banks or non-banks. Researchers have often investigated effects securitization has on the behavior of originator pricing (Ambrose, B Conklin, J, 2012). It was consistently found that lower mortgage rates are offered by mortgage firms whose loans are securitized, as compared to depository firms whose loans are retained majorly on their profit and loss accounts. This clearly shows that mortgage establishments are highly likely to charge lower mortgage fees than banks (Lui, B Skully, M, 2008). The effect criteria used in lending has on the fee charges has been minimally addressed in the literature, but researches that examine the effects of size of the loan and loan-to-value ratios on mortgage yield extents. It is rendered judicious to expect the three categories of fees charged to for use as interest rates in an analogous way by lenders in response to their dogmas acclaim (Todd 2016, p. 52). Origination fees are considered as interests that are prepaid (Newmark, R, De La Torre, C, Stallings, M , 2008), and can be used in addressing certain risk types by lenders (Kau, J, Keenan, C, 2015). Empirical and theoretical studies show that more points in exchange for lower interests that are fixed can be paid by borrowers as lenders offer trade-off concerning interest rates and points (Stone, C, Zissu, M, 2015). This is per studies that focus on United States market, which is still unknown if interest rates and mortgage fees are relatable in Australia. This is tested empiricall y in this research. About the conditions of the market, research proves that mortgage return extents are affected by the liquidity of the market(Black, D, Garbade, W, Silber, W, 2014). This makes room for a prediction of a negative affiliation between mortgage fees and market liquidity. Literature also documents that the whole economy and international banking systems were largely affected by GFC (Lo 2012, p.1). This causes an expectation in the increase of the mortgage fees after the GFC (Mishkin, 2011). Competition in the market is described in the configuration-enactment framework (Ambrose, B, LaCour-Little, M, Sanders, B, 2013) or the markup theory. It is described that lower competition in the market leads to high-priced banking products. This raises the expectation of mortgage fees to be positively related to the degree of competition. Lastly, features of the loan are associated with how accumulative fees relate with this kind of loan features as both the loan term and offset account existence (McClatchey, C, De La Torre, C, 2008). This allows payments about loan interests to be indicted adjacent to the interest that is earned by a particular account. This results to the borrower saving on tax. Furthermore, longer-term loans which have liquidity premiums have made it possible for the existence of an affirmative relationship between mortgage fees and life of the contract (Ambrose, B Conklin, J, 2012). This also increases chances of lenders to have mortgage fee prepayments (Bla ck, D, Garbade, W, Silber, W, 2014). With reputes about the offset account existence, there is a prospect that it would be consequent in greater mortgage fees. This is because the moneylender would require appended fees to reimburse for the added work necessary to order offset accounts. It is also presumable that borrowers who necessitate larger loans to capitalize on tax savings are usually the ones who benefit themselves on the offset account feature. Therefore, there would be involvement of higher mortgage fees. Technique Based on relevant literature provided and aims of the study, the effect on total, origination and ongoing fees due to variables like credit criteria, conditions of the market, interest rates, and competition of the market and features of the loan are tested. Variable was first defined and measured. Then a record of the proxies used for various variables was summarized. Secondly, empirical models are established. As stated previously, the impact on cumulative fees of each of these variables; type of lender, criteria of credit, characteristics of the loan, interest rates, market conditions and of the market competition is tested (Black, D, Garbade, W, Silber, W, 2014). The impact of this kind of variables is also tested together with the annexation of an added variable the ongoing fees and the origination fees. In conclusion, the established variables are tested with the addition of variables like the ongoing fees and the impact they have on origination fees. Considering multi-collinear problems, the testing would not be done on one regression for each type of fees. Data was then established and put ready to be discussed and analyzed. The data established consisted of observations of customary modifiable rate mortgages about certain periods. This included most mortgage corporations and almost all commercial banks. After rerunning out of the loans without setting of loan terms, some of the observations made earlier remained. For example, mortgage organizations and commercial banks have a collective share of the mortgage market (Berger, A, Hannan, T, 2013). Thus, the two groups satisfactorily represent the market in Australian. Data found allowed f or examination of the effect of current market developments. The data collections included insignificant interest rates, the originators fees, standings, supreme loans and merchandise sorts, like an offset account as well as intense loan-to-value (LTV) ratios. Other sets of data collected concerning mortgage securitization, and each type of lenders unpaid loans, either mortgage organizations, commercial banks, building civilizations or unions that offer credits and consumer price catalog are composed of the analytical databanks of the Australian Bureau of Statistics together with Reserve Bank of Australia. The greatest inhibition faced is that the data only covers a certain period. This is due to two reasons; data unavailability and lender identification. This makes it impossible to use information about the type of lender any given time. Results and Discussion Results of the research on the different types of fees were noted. Or the total fees, it was noted that the lender type significantly relates to total fees. On the ongoing fees, it was noted that there exists a consistency of the relationship between credit criteria methods and the ongoing fees with previous studies. Origination fees are negatively related to the lender. This suggests lower origination fees are offered by banks. Therefore, it seems that they focus less on origination fees and focus more on the ongoing fees. As a result, banks get to achieve lower origination fees and rather charge higher ongoing fees. Origination fees portray a negative relation towards the variable GFC in contrast to ongoing fees. This implies that lenders lower their origination fees during tight market conditions. They do so as an experiment to attract borrowers (Mishkin, 2011). The presence of a high market share leads to a reduction in the originating fees. However, the degree through which lessening takes place is comparatively small, as correlated to the current hype in ongoing fees. This indicates that the upfront fees of leaders are reduced slightly when they increase. However, the fees they charge over loan life are bigger than this. Consequently, total fees increase. Therefore the purpose of the small reduction in the upfront fees is attracting of borrowers. A significant affiliation between origination fees and liquidity of the market is found. This relationship is a positive, in comparison to the ongoing fees and total fees. This indicates that moneylenders attempt to bring in borrowers in times when the market liquidity is low. This is facilitated through a reduction in origination fees, which is later recovered and made up through an increment in subsequent fees. In this case, lenders end up catering for all own fees in the long run. Conclusion The paperwork scrutinizes the main aspects that might have an effect on divergence in ongoing, origination fees and total fees of the Australian mortgage lenders. By the use of a data set that is large, the degree of fee diversifications across the two foremost kinds of lenders are examined. These diversifications may include criteria of credit lending and the loan impact on different levels of fees; and at the same time whether trade-off affiliation exists between mortgage fees and rates of interest. Further, investigations as to if the GFC, share of market, market liquidity of mortgages and GFC impact levels of fees were undertaken (Studenmund, 2016). A summary of the main findings aligning to each and every research questions postured in the Introduction was obtained. There were substantial variations in fee charges between mortgage firms and commercial banks. Relapse guesstimates suggest that mortgage companies require less total and ongoing fees compared to banks. Results also approve that there is an existence of a negative coherence between nominal interest rates and the total fees, meaning that lenders who have higher interest rates would most likely be able to get lower fees (Woodward, S, Hall, E, 2010). This finding has confirmed the consistency of literature with the expectation of the study. In conclusion, it was found out that, even though banks charge and expect a lower amount in origination fees, they charge a higher recurring fee in comparison with mortgage corporations. Another finding is that ongoing service fees together with the total fees cohere positively to maximum loans. This is not the case with origination fees, as they relate negatively with the following variables. It is also established that market liquidity has an adverse impact on the total fees together, while the GFC positively affects them. However, the two variables relate oppositely with the origination fees. Interest rates and total fees are inversely proportio nal especially when there is a trade-off relationship between them. Competition of the market also affects the fees, which are positively related to the market share, while the origination fees relate negatively. All the above three forms of fees have a positive relationship to loan relations, as also seen, the literature that pacts with the affiliation between lender credit criteria and interest rates (LaCour-Littel, 2009). This paper encircles the current literature and presents relevant information about the credit criteria embraced, and the fees charged it is established that the dynamics in market conditions as portrayed market liquidity and the GFC affect fee levels. Through the study, one can significantly understand the impression of criteria used in credit determination, on origination fees, total fees, and ongoing fees, and the differences between total fees and amendable interest rates. It takes into consideration the market conditions that have taken place in the recent past in Australia and examines the variables involved. With this, a clear description of the impact of current developments in the market is taken into consideration. Bibliography Ambrose, B Conklin, J, 2012. Motgage Brokers, Origination Fees, Price Transparency and Communication. Boston: SAGE. Ambrose, B, LaCour-Little, M, Sanders, B, 2013. The Effects of Conforming Loan Status on Mortgage Yield Spreads. Aloan Levels Analysis, Real Estate Economics , pp.32, 541, 569. Berger, A, Hannan, T, 2013. The Price XConcentration Relationship in Banking. Review of Economics and Statitsics , pp.7, 291-299. Black, D, Garbade, W, Silber, W, 2014. The Impact of the GNMA Passthrough Program on FHA Mortgage Costs. Journal of Finance , pp.36, 457-469. Commission, A.S.a.I., 2008. Review of Motgage Entry and Exit Fees, Report 125. [Online] Available at: https://www.fido.gov.au/asic/pdflib.nsf/LookupBy FileName/REP_125_Review_of_mortgage_entry_and_exit_fees.pdf/$file/REP_125_ Review_of_mortgage_entry_and_exit_fees.pdf [Accessed 24 April 2017]. Daniel, J., 2010. A Fixed-rate Loan Prepayment Model for Australian Mortgages. Australian Journal of Management , pp.35, 99-112. Kau, J, Keenan, C, 2015. Taxes, Points and Rationality in the Mortgage Market. AREUEA, pp.15, 68-184. LaCour-Littel, M., 2009. The Pricing of Motgages by Brokers: An Agency Problem? Journal of Real Estate Research, pp.31, 235-333. LO, A., 2102. Reading About the Financial Crisis: A 21-Book Review. [Online] Available at: https://www.argentumlux.org/documents/JEL_6.pdf. [Accessed 24 April 2017]. Lui, B Skully, M, 2008. The Impact of Securitisation and Structural Changes of Australian Motgage Markets on Bank Pricing Behavior. International Journal of Banking, Finance and Accounting , pp.1, 149-167. McClatchey, C, De La Torre, C, 2008. Your Motgage Loan: Fairly Priced or not?. Financial Service Review, pp.17, 237-256. Mishkin, F., 2011. Over the Cliff from the Subprime to the Global Financial Crisis. Journal of Economic Perspectives , pp.25, 49-70. Newmark, R, De La Torre, C, Stallings, M , 2008. An After Tax Analysis of Negative Mortgage Points. Real Estate Taxation, pp.35, 154-161. Stone, C, Zissu, M, 2015. Choosing A Discount Point/Contract Rate Combination. Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, pp.3, 283-293. Studenmund, A., 2016. Using Econometrics: A Practical Guide, 11th Ed. Boston: Addison Wesley Longman. Todd, S., 2016. The Effects of Securitisation on Consumer Mortgage Costs. Real Estate Economics , pp.29-54. Woodward, S, Hall, E, 2010. Consumer Confussion in the Mortgage Market: Evidence of Less than a Perfectly Transparent and Competitive Market. American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings , pp.100, 511-515.